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Shakespeare's Sonnet 33 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a member of the Fair Youth sequence, in which the poet expresses his love towards a young man. This sonnet is the first of what are sometimes called the estrangement sonnets, numbers 33-36: poems concerned with the speaker's response to an unspecified "sensual fault" mentioned in (35) committed by his beloved. == Context == Nicolaus Delius notes thematic and stylistic parallels to the last scene of ''The Two Gentlemen of Verona''. George Steevens and Edward Dowden were among the first to group the so-called "estrangement sonnets" and to note the parallels to other groups (such as sonnets 40, 41, and 42) with similar themes.〔Dowden, Edward. ''Shakespeare's Sonnets''. London. 1881.〕 This sonnet is viewed by T. R. Price as representing "the highest lyrical expression that English poetry has achieved". This is displayed in the power of using the beauty of nature as the symbol of human emotion.〔Price, T. R. "The Technic of Shakespere's Sonnets" Studies in Honor of Basil L. Gildersleeve. Baltimore. Lord Baltimore Press. 1902. p. 375.〕 Samuel Taylor Coleridge instances the opening of this sonnet as characteristic of Shakespeare's imaginative style, by which he "gives a dignity and a passion to the objects which he presents. Unaided by any previous excitement, they burst upon us at once in life and in power."〔Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (1817). Biographia Literaria. London. Chap 15.〕 According to Gerrold Hammond, the single sentence octave, the first two quatrains, presents the reader with the strong poetic nature by using adjective plus noun structures on every line. The order and abundance makes the reader aware of the rhetoric.〔Hammond, Gerrold. The Reader and Shakespeare's Young Man Sonnets. Totowa, N.J. Barnes & Noble. 1981. p 42-43.〕 Sonnet 33 is the first to introduce the idealizing metaphor of the young man as the sun. The sonnet and the ones that follow have been especially attractive to critics interested in biographical reference in the sonnet; George Wyndham deplores this tendency, as does Stephen Booth.〔Booth, Stephen. ''Shakespeare's Sonnets''. Yale University Press, New Haven.1977.〕 Hammond critiques that the experience of reading this sonnet is almost to fall into collusion with the poet, "for everything about it, from its poetic and syntactic structures to its use of metaphor and pun, invites acceptance." 〔Hammond, Gerrold. The Reader and Shakespeare's Young Man Sonnets. Totowa, N.J. Barnes & Noble. 1981. p 42-43.〕 M. P. Tilley describes the sonnet as playing on the proverb ‘the morning sun never lasts the day’.〔Tilley, M.P. A Dictionary of the Proverbs of England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. 1950. p S978.〕 Hilton Landry notes that the poem is an extended simile with metaphors in each branch of the simile; he also called it the "simplest and sweetest" of the group.〔Landry, Hilton (1963). Interpretation in Shakespeare's Sonnets. University of California Press, Berkeley.〕 Elizabeth Sagaser notes that the poem is counterposed to Sonnet 116, stating that the ideas of some sonnets are neutralized temporarily by others.〔Sagaser, Elizabeth (1994). Shakespeare's Sweet Leaves: Mourning, pleasure, and the triumph of thought in the Renaissance love lyric. ELH, 61. pp. 1-26.〕 The tone in Sonnet 33 is one of reproach with movement toward a feeling of the necessity for separation seen in 36.〔Frye, Northrup. "How True a Twain." The Riddle of Shakespeare’s Sonnets. New York. Basic Books. 1962. p 40.〕 The young man, betraying himself, betrayed also their shared world, the light in which they both move. The identification of their mutual life with the life of nature was complete; guilt of the friend was both their guilt and the guilt of life itself.〔Spender, Steven. "The Alike and the Other". The Riddle of Shakespeare’s Sonnets. New York. Basic Books. 1962. p 103.〕 It also puts across the idea that the poem with its shifts and changes offers not information about the mutability of the human condition, but rather participation in an actual experience of mutability.〔Booth, Stephen. An Essay on Shakespeare’s Sonnets. New Haven. Yale University Press. 1969. p 59〕 The speaker compares the delusion of the permanence of his friendship with the mountain tops ‘flattered’ by the rising sun.〔Muir, Kenneth. Shakespeare’s Sonnets. London, George Allen & Unwin. 1979. p 59.〕 Note that in this sonnet (1) there is no overt "you" or "thou" (contrary to most of the sonnets and in particular to sonnets 34, 35 and 36 which all three use "thou") and (2) there is no mention of the supposed "fault" committed by the addressee towards the poet (as in sonnets 34 and 35) nor of the supposed "guilt" borne by the poet which may affect the addressee's reputation (as in sonnet 36). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sonnet 33」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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